Primarch

The Primarchs were the twenty genetically-engineered "sons" of the Emperor. Using his own DNA in their creation, the Primarchs were designed to be far superior to even Space Marines: they were taller, stronger, faster and more intelligent. They were also incredibly charismatic and were well suited to their role as the generals and leaders of the Imperium of Man.

From left to right: Sanguinius, Mortarion, Magnus the Red, Angron, Jaghatai Khan, Lorgar, Rogal Dorn, Horus, and Fulgrim

History

Horus Lupercal being made Warmaster of the Imperium. From center counter-clockwise: Horus, the Emperor, Magnus, Mortarion, Ferrus Manus, Angron, Jaghatai Khan, Rogal Dorn, Rogal Dorn's mustache, Fulgrim and Sanquinus.

The Primarchs were created in a secret underground laboratory on what used to be the Himalayas, under the tightest security. However, due to insidious dickery, the forces of Chaos were able to spirit the Primarchs away from the laboratory and scatter them across the universe. Just as planned. There is also some speculation that the Chaos gods tampered with the Primarchs somehow, which would explain the mutations. Either way, the Emperor knew his sons were still alive, but had no clue to where they could be, so he decided to go ahead with his Space Marine project. Using DNA samples from each Primarch before they were abducted, the Emperor created twenty legions of Space Marines, in what would later be called the First Founding.

Each of the young Primarchs were forced to adapt to the lifestyle on their new homeworld, something which would influence and mould them throughout their lives. The Primarchs rapidly grew to adulthood and quickly rose to power, often becoming the leaders of their world. As the Emperor crusaded to unify the galaxy he would occasionally stumble upon another long-lost son. When this happened, the Emperor would hold a celebration in honor of this discovery, give the Primarch their legion to command, then tell them to fuck off and start conquering worlds while he fapped to his favoured offspring. The Emperor was a dick like that.

The first Primarch the Emperor discovered was Horus, who would become the Emperor's favoured son. The majority of Primarchs somehow recognized the Emperor on sight, immediately pledging their allegiance to their father. A few only swore allegiance after being bested in a contest. Angron outright refused to follow the Emperor, preferring to die in battle along with his rebels in their fight against the oppressive Not-Romans. The Emperor simply shrugged and abducted his son, leaving Angron's followers to get slaughtered. Angron never really got over that dick move.

At the end of the period known as the Great Crusade, Horus, who had recently been promoted to the title of Warmaster, fell to Chaos and rebelled. It didn't take long for eight other of his fellow Primarchs to join his side against the Emperor, resulting in a full-scale civil war known as the Horus Heresy. Funnily enough, most of the Primarchs who sided with Horus were those who felt that the Emperor had taken a giant, steaming dump on them. So while the Emperor is the greatest tactician, scientist, and leader there is, he's worse than a crack-addled transient junkie as a father.

Primarchs and Legions

Legion Number	Name	Homeworld	Name of the Legion	Allegiance	Current Status
I	Lion El'Jonson	Caliban	Dark Angels	Loyal(?)	Alive, maybe/maybe not asleep within a secret chamber on The Rock
II	+++Records expunged+++
III	Fulgrim	Chemos	Emperor's Children	Traitor	Possessed/Daemon Prince
IV	Perturabo	Olympia	Iron Warriors	Traitor	Daemon Prince
V	Jaghatai Khan	Mundus Planus	White Scars	Loyal	Unknown, disappeared into the Webway while hunting Dark Eldar
VI	Leman Russ	Fenris	Space Wolves	Loyal	Unknown, disappeared into the Eye of Terror but promised to return one day
VII	Rogal Dorn	Terra	Imperial Fists	Loyal	Deceased, killed when boarding Chaos cruiser during a Black Crusade, his body is encased in amber. No, he isn't. That comes from the story "Space Marine" by Ian Watson, Which is a Heretic Tome. it is not canon, stop changing it. They recovered his hands, his body has never been found.
VIII	Konrad Curze	Nostramo	Night Lords	Traitor	Deceased, assassinated by Callidus assassin.
IX	Sanguinius	Baal	Blood Angels	Loyal	Deceased, slain by Horus.
X	Ferrus Manus	Medusa	Iron Hands	Loyal	Deceased, slain by Fulgrim and his head offered to Horus as a gift.
XI	+++Records expunged+++
XII	Angron	Unknown	World Eaters	Traitor	Daemon Prince
XIII	Roboute Guilliman	Macragge	Ultramarines	Loyal	In stasis, technically alive. Might be getting better somehow, unfortunately.
XIV	Mortarion	Barbarus	Death Guard	Traitor	Daemon Prince
XV	Magnus the Red	Prospero	Thousand Sons	Traitor	Daemon Prince
XVI	Horus Lupercal	Cthonia	Luna Wolves/Sons of Horus/Black Legion	Traitor	Deceased, slain by the Emperor.
XVII	Lorgar Aurelian	Colchis	Word Bearers	Traitor	Daemon Prince
XVIII	Vulkan	Nocturne	Salamanders	Loyal	Missing
XIX	Corvus Corax	Deliverance	Raven Guard	Loyal	Missing, last seen heading for the Eye of Terror.
XX	Alpharius Omegon	They're not telling.	Alpha Legion	It's complicated	Fuck knows.

It Sucks To Be Loyal

An accurate retelling of the final stages of the rebellion.

Traitors

• Horus was killed by the Emperor during the Siege of Terra, who utterly destroyed his soul, and his body was destroyed by Abaddon. He is very dead, but that was his fault for being a fuckwit.
• Angron is a Daemon Prince. Still gets shit done.
• Mortarion is a fucktwit who rarely does anything of interest, but is a Daemon Prince.
• Fulgrim's soul is trapped in his sword a painting, while the daemon possessing his body is now a Daemon Prince.

NOT true, in the anthology "The Primarchs", it is revealed he kicked that daemons ass and is in full control, making him a HERETIC! Lorgar called bullshit, and the daemon was forced to admit that Fulgrim's soul was still trapped and that it was lying about having been exorcised.

• Lorgar is a lazy fucknut who does nothing since they fled to the eye of terror, but still a Daemon Prince.
• Magnus the Red is... derping out, and screaming Just as planned every time something happens, but he's a Daemon Prince. He sometimes also gets shit done, leading armies to the Space Wolves' planets and screwing withh the Imperium, keeping his big red trollface on all the time until he gets his ass tossed back into the warp.
• Perturabo becomes irrelevant after he goes on to drop entirely out of post-heresy fluff, but is still a Daemon Prince.
• Konrad Curze is dead but he allowed the Callidus assassin's infiltration, apparently wanting to die after becoming the very thing he fought against.
• Alpharius / Omegon... your head will explode, so we won't bother explaining the specifics. Surely, they are making plans so intricate and troll-worthy that even Tzeentch could not comprehend all the subtleties behind them.

Loyalists

• Ferrus Manus was killed by Fulgrim during the Drop Site Massacre. His body was not recovered, so some Iron Hands think he might still be alive. But the fact that he was decapitated by Fulgrim after being defeated and had his head delivered to Horus makes this claim fairly dubious.
• Sanguinius was killed by Horus. His body was recovered, and he's the only Primarch who doesn't have any legends about returning, though there are some theories on the identity of the Sanguinor.
• Lion El'Jonson returned to Caliban only to discover that his friend Luther had stabbed him in the back. THAT LUTHER HAD A PLANET-WIDE PARTY AND EVENTUALLY PASSED OUT INTO A COMA AFTER DRINKING 2 TANKERS OF SPACE WOLF-GRADE ALCOHOL. He sleeps deep within the Rock, on life support (but none of the Dark Angels seem to know this).
• Jaghatai Khan disappeared into the Webway after chasing a group of Dark Eldar. The White Scars think he will return someday, and when you consider the fact that time is just as weird there as it is in the Warp, there is a small possibility he's still around
• Leman Russ disappeared into the Eye of Terror but promised the Space Wolves that he would return for the Final Battle. Magnus appears to know where he is now, but he sure as hell isn't telling the Space Wolves.
• Rogal Dorn was killed during a Black Crusade in a desperate ship boarding action. His skeleton was preserved in amber and placed in an Imperial Fists chapel (except for his hands, which are kept in seperate shrines). No. See the description above. The only source for that is the story Space Marine, which even Black Library says isn't canon. Stop. Changing. It. He is missing.
• Roboute Guilliman is perfectly preserved in a stasis field, seconds from death. It is rumored that he is healing, even though it is impossible for anything to change inside a stasis field. Most people credit the healing to be the power of the Emperor, which says something about the Imperium as that's considered a valid argument. It says something further about the setting in that a number of fans believe that this is a valid argument. Fortunately, being suspended in a stasis field ensures you feel whatever you were feeling at the instant of your immersion for the duration. Rawbutt Girlyman was in excruciating pain, ensuring that the living embodiment of the Great Beast's nightmarish seed is, to say the very least, not a happy camper. The human body is programmed to dull pain as it dies and Astartes modification takes this to the extreme. He's probably high as a kite now. It is thought Matt Ward has the power to resurrect Gulliman.
• Vulkan got the shit kicked out of him during the Drop Site Massacre, and had to be dragged into a Thunderhawk in bloody tatters. The Salamanders believe that he is still alive.
• Corax disappeared into the Eye of Terror as an atonement for putting down the mutant hordes he created in trying to create Space Marines out of desperation.

So most of the traitors are Daemon Princes (which, ignoring the brain-rape, fucking rules) while all of the loyalists are dead or have disappeared. The chapters have legends which hold that the Primarchs will return and heal the Emperor, launching a new Great Crusade. Note: when GW says “disappeared” they actually mean “we are going to bring them back in a massive deus ex machina”. No they don't. They're not Blizzard. But since that would require advancing the plot, it's not going to happen any time soon.

Two Missing Primarchs

Who are the two missing Primarchs, you ask? Sigmar and Morkar(?) (depending on how WHFB fits in with 40K, if it does). Or maybe Rachnus Rageous and Tialoc Ekans (per /tg/ canon). Samus is also a contender.

...

Okay, fine. Nobody really knows. There have been a few shitty hints about them in the Horus Heresy books, but nothing really concrete. What has been established is that they got killed for some reason and the existence of their Legions was wiped from record by the Emperor. The surviving marines from their Legions were then allegedly gobbled up by the Ultramarines, for some retarded reason. Curse you, Smurfs.

Games Workshop have mentioned Primarchs besides the eighteen above on other occasions, but they backtracked since. Back in the first edition of Warhammer 40,000, all twenty First Founding Chapters were known, as were their Primarchs (though, at the time, the Primarch was just the first Chapter Master). Of these, the Valedictors and Rainbow Warriors were declared in a later White Dwarf to have been founded after the Second Founding.

Later, in the short story Hell in a Bottle from the novel Into the Maelstrom, a chapter known as the Iron Hearts get fucked over by a Chaos Lord. The short story also mentions that the Chapter has a Primarch known as Rubinek. Of course, this was just a huge cock-up on the author's part, who himself admitted that he meant Chapter Master.

Gallery

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  Lion El'Jonson

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  Fulgrim

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  Perturabo

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  Jaghatai Khan

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  Leman Russ

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  Rogal Dorn

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  Konrad Curze

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  Sanguinius

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  Ferrus Manus

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  Angron

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  Roboute Guilliman

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  Mortarion

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  Magnus the Red

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  Horus Lupercal

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  Lorgar Aurelian

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  Vulkan

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  Corvus Corax

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  Alpharius and Omegon

The Primarchs of the Space Marine Legions
Loyalist Corvus Corax - Ferrus Manus - Jaghatai Khan Leman Russ - Lion El'Jonson - Roboute Guilliman Rogal Dorn - Sanguinius - Vulkan
Traitor Alpharius/Omegon - Angron - Fulgrim Horus - Konrad Curze/Night Haunter - Lorgar Magnus the Red - Mortarion - Perturabo