Slavery
Slavery is the act of owning other humans (as well as other sapient beings by extrapolation) as property. As slaves were bound to their owners they were prevented from leaving or refusing to work under threat of immediate violence for disobedience. This practice in one way or another has been fairly widespread in one way or another across numerous cultures throughout recorded history. When two groups fought, the victor would capture some of the defeated along with goods and put them to work. Latter on as long distance trade improved they also began selling said captives.
Customs and practices in regards to slavery varied from civilization from civilization based on a variety of factors. For many ancient civilizations slaves were fairly rare and were typicall and as domestic servants and/or concubines by the rich or doing a specific trade if they had a skill. The Greeks and especially the Romans managed to acquire made much more extensive use of slavery in a variety of fields, ranging from being worked to death in mines to high ranking government officials who lived more comfortable lives than most free citizens and everything in between. Occasionally slaves were used as soldiers (Ottoman Janissaries). Sometimes masters had absolute powers of life and death over their slaves while in other cases slaves had some minor legal protection. From the 16th to 19th century when the Europeans began to colonize the new world they made extensive use of slavery with a slave population imported from Africa, which led to develop the idea of Racial slavery (that black people were naturally suited to be slaves).
In addition to the practice of owning human beings as chattel there are other arrangements similar to slavery so that they are referred to as slavery informally. A few of these include Russian Serfdom (Serfs were not owned, but they were bound to the land owned by nobles and are required to work it), indentured servitude in colonial America (a guy has a debt to a master and has to work for him for a term of years and you will be punished for failing to do work during that term), the various forced labor programs used by the Nazis and the victims of human trafficking. Comparison to slavery is often used as a rhetorical device.
Starting in the 19th century, slavery was gradually abolished. First by Britain in 1834 and latter by other powers, despite some disagreement from those in the Southeast of the US about the matter until 1865. Legal slavery does not exist, though human trafficking and illegal slavery remain a problem.
Slavery in Tabletop Gaming
Like with nazis a good and easy way to establish that a certain civilization is evil is that civilization making use of slaves. Most fantasy is set in a world which borrows heavily from the middle ages, a period in which slavery was a fairly rare practice.
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