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Marneus Calgar

2020-11-12T20:40:24Z

2607:FB90:6ED9:4EC7:89E4:7EE5:D2FA:2013: /* Just who is he? */

{{MattWard}}
[[Image:Blingmarine.jpg|right|thumb|Marneus Calgar, in all his pimpness.]]
{{topquote|Duty does not care what weapon it has. If not bolts, blades. If not blades, fists. Duty is a weapon that does not break.|The man himself}}

'''Marneus Augustus Calgar:''' Also known as The Notorious M.A.C, The MAC Daddy, Big MAC, Manliest Cattleguard, Pimp Daddy Calgar, and Papa Smurf. And as of his latest incarnation, [[Primaris Marines|Primarneus Cawlgirl]].

Marneus Calgar is the current [[Chapter Master]] of the [[Ultramarines]] Chapter of [[Space Marines]], and titled Lord [[Macragge]]. He's also now a [[Primaris Marines|Primaris Marine]].

LOOK AT THEM PIMP-SLAPPIN' HANDS!

A character from the fictional ''[[Warhammer 40k]]'' universe. According to [[Matt Ward]], 5th edition codex writer, Calgar is the [[spiritual liege]] of every [[Space Marine]] ever and is now playing second fiddle to his [[Roboute Guilliman|newly resurrected primarch]]. All the Space Marines look up to him (or down to him) and strive ever jovially to be more like him and his [[Ultramarines]], but because of their laughable shortcomings, most Chapters, including the [[Dark Angels]], [[White Scars]], [[Imperial Fists]], [[Blood Angels]], [[Iron Hands]], [[Salamanders]], [[Raven Guard]], [[Space Wolves]] and all their successors, will never be as good (with the possible exception of the [[Hammers of Dorn]]). It is stressed constantly in the vanilla Space Marine codex and even mentioned a bit in the Blood Angels codex. The entirety of the [[Imperium]] awaits the day the [[Emperor]] awakens so that he may proclaim Calgar the rightful heir to the Imperial throne. As a surely irrelevant side note, Matt Ward plays Ultramarines (then [[Trazyn|later]] [[Necrons]]).

==Just who is he?==
Calgar is one of the big three, the others being [[Dante]] and [[Logan Grimnar|Logan]], the three Chapter Masters the whole Imperium knows. While Dante is worshiped as a larger than life legend and Logan is beloved for being a bro to the common man, Calgar is respected for his leadership, both in battle and ruling [[Ultramar]].

His characteristic weapons are the Gauntlets of Ultramar, which were ''reclaimed'' by the [[Primarch]] [[Roboute Guilliman]] from a [[Chaos]] Champion (Where'd he lose them in the first place?). These gauntlets allow Calgar to bash gaping holes in enemy lines, allowing his men to achieve victory for the Imperium in a joyous slaughter of the heretic forces across the galaxy. They do, however, make it extremely difficult to use restroom facilities, turn door handles, or hold small objects. They also have attached Storm Bolters on each arm. Like a baws.

Following a skirmish against the [[Tyranid]] [[Hive Fleet]] Perseus in 976.M41, Calgar lost all four limbs as well as large areas of body tissue and his left eye. Fitted with bionic replacements, he is more machine now than man <s>twisted and evil</s>. So his giant, power fist, gun hands are pretty much his actual hands. Several guys have argued that he currently bears a prosthetic robotic penis. For unexplained reasons, his augmetics are inferior to [[Colonel_"Iron_Hand"_Straken|Col. Straken's]]

An unofficial nickname for Marneus is "Papa Smurf", due to other players referring to the Ultramarines as Smurfs and Calgar being their leader. The nickname has its origin in the actual miniatures' diminutive size and the fact that they are blue. One could also point out, of course, that the average cartoon smurf is either a [[Eldrad|total dick]] or pants-on-head-retarded, and requires Papa Smurf's constant leadership and guidance just to function on an everyday basis. This allows us to extend the metaphor in a hilarious way. Further extending the metaphor is that he once got his shit kicked in by the [[Swarmlord]], who has since been nicknamed Gargamel, while Roboute Gulliman (see below), who was the original Ultramarines leader, came back after a long time and, seeking to restore them to greatness, now gets the moniker of Grandpa Smurf.

As of 6th edition he is also a [[Love Can Bloom|xenos-loving]] bastard, having allowed the [[Tau]] to evacuate a planet that was facing [[Exterminatus]] due to a Tyranid infestation. To be fair, though, the Tau are one of two races (the other being [[Eldar]]) who work with the Imperials at points, so this could be just a bargaining chip to be used later. He also [[What|wielded a Necron Pylon]] (which are several stories tall) while the Ultramarines were retaking Damnos (before you ask, [[Phil Kelly]] wrote this, surprisingly).

As of the recent Marvel Comics, it turns out that Marneus Calgar's past is a lot more murkey than it first appears. First of all, he isn't actually the real Marneus Calgar. Before he became a Space Marine, he was actually a helot servant of the Calgar dynasty called Tacitan. After Calgar took him and his two friends along for pre-aspirant training, they were ditched on a moon that was secretly the wreck site of a Word Bearer’s ship. The real Marneus Calgar was killed by their trainer, a disgruntled failed aspirant that became a Khornate servant of Chaos and corrupted Calgar’s two noble friends. With Calgar dead, Tacitan took his place and his name as he was the only who looked out for him.

==As of the Age of the Dark Imperium==
[[Image:Newcalgar.jpg|right|thumb|My exhausts are eagles, your argument is invalid.]]
His response to his Primarch getting back up and running things again has not been explored a great deal, although his first act was to transfer command to his Primarch in perpetuity, without any dispute or deliberation. So the guy who [[Games Workshop|GW]] has been plugging for decades as the guy that ''everyone else'' looks up to has now taken a back seat for someone better.

It was rather awkward when Guilliman reclaimed his personal quarters. Calgar had assumed everything within to be a "great relic" from the time of the great crusade, and would often take time to bask in their radiance. However, to Guilliman, these items were just mere tools (tools that, to his perspective, he had used mere days ago) and were of no more importance than the casing on a bolter shell. To Calgar it seemed like sacrilege that Guilliman would use what he thought were ancient relics haphazardly, while Guilliman couldn't understand why Calgar would venerate what is essentially his old trash.

Guilliman does note how competent Calgar is and decides to keep him around as an advisor. When the Terran Crusade begins he leaves Calgar in command of [[Ultramar]] in his original position of Chapter Master while he's gone (which due to Guilliman's early declarations of sovereignty is now close to its original ''500'' worlds, rather than just eight). So assuming Guilliman stays on [[Terra]] to assume control of the Imperium, Calgar has command over one of the largest territories and collective armed forces in the galaxy.

''Dark Imperium'' has suggested that he hasn't been taking it that well since the [[Indomitus Crusade]], even though he's been named head of the Ultramar Tetrarchs; he seems to be one of the first in the Chapter to realize Guilliman's not the infallible savior figure the Chapter has romanticized him as, and he took Guilliman's reorganization of Ultramar's government as a veiled criticism of his own governing skills. Further complicating things is Guilliman's currently unexplained choice to begin tutoring [[Cato Sicarius]] personally. This led Papa Smurf to assume he might be replaced in the future (it's actually because Cato reminds Bobby of another unruly Ultramarine from the Great Crusade era, Aeonid Thiel; and has nothing to do with Calgar's performance). It's only fairly recently that he's accepted that it was arrogant of him to think his actions had anything to do with his Primarch's recent choices, and while he's not taking it out on the people of the Imperium (which he had blamed at first) he's still feeling rather guilty about letting his old accomplishments give him a swollen ego. Intriguingly, this bears quite a few parallels to the case of [[Luther]] and [[Lion El'Jonson]] as well as Horus feeling distrusted by the Emperor when he returned to Terra. With the key difference being Calgar's continued loyalty even in the face of his personal doubts. [[Grimdark|For now]].

He also has undergone the procedure that turns regular marines into [[Primaris Marines]], an agonizingly painful ordeal that left him briefly dead before his new Belisarian Furnace kicked in to bring him back. So we now have PriMarneus Calgar as an excuse to give him a new overdetailed $20 model (it actually doesn't look much more detailed than the old one). It's probably only a matter of time before the other named Chapter Masters are subjected/treated to the same; hopefully their models are as badass as Calgar's. When the process has a much reduced failure rate all Space Marines should do this. It isn't like a little thing such as agony would be enough to deter them in the slightest and being briefly dead is more like an intriguing experience than something to fear. Hell, at least one Chapter outright has dying and willing yourself back to life as both a final test and a promotion requirement. Can you imagine a million Primaris Marines with no questionable loyalties and millennia of accrued experience? Fuck YES!

The major downsides are that they can't use [[Deathwing|Terminator Armor]], [[Blood Angels| their tanks]], <strike>[[Ravenwing|or]] [[White Scars|Bikes]]</strike> We've got Outriders, y'all! Not good for chapters that have them as a major part of their operational doctrines. It'll be another decade until Games Workshops give Primaris Marines their own equivalents. Plus, we have no evidence of a how squad of Primaris would fare on a Space Hulk mission, where non Terminator Marines are cooked alive in their own armor by radiation - and, worse, everyone on the venture needs to be able to fit through doorways, something Primaris marines are notoriously bad at. Though that can be alleviated by slicing through bulkheads. Because cutting through every door you come across is a solution. Yes.

Anyways, during the [[War of Beasts]] Marneus Calgar was in charge of the Imperial forces on [[Vigilus]]. While he was able to just barely hold onto the planet when the Black Legion began its invasion, countless hive spires had to be destroyed to stop Chaos from taking them and Calgar himself was nearly killed in a duel with [[Abaddon]] (although the Despoiler was forced to withdraw before finishing him off due to a Hail Mary gambit involving hitting the ''Vengeful Spirit'' with vortex missiles with the help of the Eldar). He lost some fingers and Abaddon managed to cut open his chest and damage both of his hearts.

Things didn't look up, though, as Abaddon then sent a bunch of [[Possessed]] to finish the job. Calgar briefly woke up to backhand a Greater Possessed and then shoot it, before collapsing again. The Apothecaries managed to stabilize him enough so that he didn't die from his wounds. So far, the damage is a bit grim, but he's still up and commanding the Ultramarines, even if he's not on the front lines.

==On the Tabletop==

{| class=wikitable
|-
! || Pts || M || WS || BS || S || T || W || A || Ld || Sv || Special
|-
| '''Marneus Calgar (Artificer Armour):''' || 235 || 6 || 2+ || 2+ || 4 || 4 || 6 || 5 || 9 || 2+/4++ ||
|-
| '''Marneus Calgar (Armour of Antilochus):''' || 200 || 5 || 2+ || 2+ || 4 || 4 || 7 || 5 || 9 || 2+/4++ || Suffer Half Damage, Deep Strike
|-
| '''Marneus Calgar (Armour of Heraclus):''' || 200 || 6 || 2+ || 2+ || 4 || 5 || 8 || 6 || 9 || 2+/4++ || Suffer Half Damage
|}

It won't matter for most purposes, but remember that his Ld will go up to 10 when he gets his Chapter Tactics (there are attacks, such as some psychic powers, that will target his Ld, so it ''can'' come up). You have to notice that Calgar has three profiles, because he has three minis. Only one "Marneus Calgar" is allowed per army, though, so do not start imagining heretic cloning technology here.

Only 2 of these versions are realistically usable, however, since the one in Artificer Armour has not seen its point costs revised, and the other two versions give him the nifty ability to halve incoming damage from each attack rounding up.

In Terminator armor, he gets the ability to deep strike, and while he still suffers from the usual 5" Terminator models have, this may be the incentive to take this version - plus, he'll fit in waaaaay more transports. He also has an irrelevant Relic Blade, which you will never use, since it's always worse than or equal to his power fists that have no accuracy penalty. The only exception is incredibly exotic corner cases - right now the game only has one, when [[Phoenix_Lord#Jain_Zar|Jain Zar's]] Disarming Strike rolls high enough to shut down his fists.

His new Primaris Form, referred to as the Armour of Heraclus, is absurdly beefed up. With a new 8th wound, one more point of toughness, and a 6th attack, he can withstand even more punishment and deal a fair amount too, not that the Terminator version was shabby. Because the point costs are the same, the difference amounts to whether you prefer mobility or durability.

Apart from that, Calgar comes with the usual Chapter Master's ability: you can reroll all failed to hit rolls in a 6" bubble, which is a pretty nice ability to have.

Taking him in a Battle-Forged army, you automatically gain 2 Command Points, allowing two more re-rolls, one extra disruption of the combat phase, or anything else you'll fancy. As a Named Ultramarine Warlord, he has the Commander warlord trait, allowing him to recycle CP on a 5+; the two factors combined make sure you don't fall short on stratagems.

Gear-wise, he comes with the fabled Gauntlets of Ultramar, legendary relics taken by Guilliman off the corpse of a dead [[Chaos Space Marine]]. And Guilliman didn't ask for them back when he woke up, he's such a nice guy. They now count as a single weapon, and of course do not grant an additional attack since this rule disappeared in 8th (but now he has 5 base attacks, so...). Basically, they are [[Power_weapon#Power_Fist|power fist]]s, hitting at S8, AP-3 and D1d3 damage. While a fixed damage would have been nice, they still bring the pain, and few characters in the game will be able to survive a turn of combat with Calgar, especially with a 2+ re-rollable to hit, almost guaranteeing all 5/6 attacks will always connect (their relic ability is lacking an accuracy penalty).

They can also shoot with what is basically a master-crafted [[Storm Bolter]], gaining AP-1 and D2. Four shots in [[Deep Strike]] range and up to 12 inches, so nice to soften a target or thin down a horde a little bit.

For the two non-Primaris versions, he replaced his old [[Power_weapon#Power_Sword|power sword]] with a [[Power_weapon#Relic_Blade|relic blade]] for more pimp. While this might seem useless at first, since his fists have zero drawback, powers such as [[Phoenix_Lord#Jain_Zar|Jain Zar's]] Disarming Strike now rob him entirely of the Gauntlets' power, as they are no longer "a pair". So he can still wack her face with 5 re-rollable S6 AP-3 D1d3 attacks, which is almost as good. The Primaris version ditched it entirely.

In a nutshell, Calgar is like a budget Guilliman, solid in close combat, able to take pot shots with reasonable efficiency, and adds to your army. He is also the most expensive Chapter Master of all (baring those with special mounts), but he has a few more aces up his sleeve. Also, he only costs 50% of what Guilliman costs and doesn't eat up a Lord of War slot so he is a really good alternative to the latter.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Marneus calgar by gods and kings-d7d6mj1.png|It's just a flesh wound. He still deals with it better than a certain [[Abaddon|armless failure]].
Image:IMG 0492.jpg|And here is that old image in model form.
Image:OldCalgar.png|Calgar back in ye olden days. Note the [[Beakie]] helm and PET DESK DINOSAURS! AAAAGGGGHHHH!
Image:Wd97Calgar.jpg|Old Calgar started in the [[Techmarine|Armoury]], then got made to the [[Chapter Serf|Master of the Household]] before taking the top spot and [[Lazy Marines|he hasn't done any more fighting since.]] Well well...
Image:Marneuscomic.jpg|Motherfucker got his own comic.
</gallery>

{{Marines-Characters}}

[[Category:Space Marines Chapter Masters]]

Marneus Calgar

2020-11-12T20:39:05Z

2607:FB90:6ED9:4EC7:89E4:7EE5:D2FA:2013: /* Just who is he? */

{{MattWard}}
[[Image:Blingmarine.jpg|right|thumb|Marneus Calgar, in all his pimpness.]]
{{topquote|Duty does not care what weapon it has. If not bolts, blades. If not blades, fists. Duty is a weapon that does not break.|The man himself}}

'''Marneus Augustus Calgar:''' Also known as The Notorious M.A.C, The MAC Daddy, Big MAC, Manliest Cattleguard, Pimp Daddy Calgar, and Papa Smurf. And as of his latest incarnation, [[Primaris Marines|Primarneus Cawlgirl]].

Marneus Calgar is the current [[Chapter Master]] of the [[Ultramarines]] Chapter of [[Space Marines]], and titled Lord [[Macragge]]. He's also now a [[Primaris Marines|Primaris Marine]].

LOOK AT THEM PIMP-SLAPPIN' HANDS!

A character from the fictional ''[[Warhammer 40k]]'' universe. According to [[Matt Ward]], 5th edition codex writer, Calgar is the [[spiritual liege]] of every [[Space Marine]] ever and is now playing second fiddle to his [[Roboute Guilliman|newly resurrected primarch]]. All the Space Marines look up to him (or down to him) and strive ever jovially to be more like him and his [[Ultramarines]], but because of their laughable shortcomings, most Chapters, including the [[Dark Angels]], [[White Scars]], [[Imperial Fists]], [[Blood Angels]], [[Iron Hands]], [[Salamanders]], [[Raven Guard]], [[Space Wolves]] and all their successors, will never be as good (with the possible exception of the [[Hammers of Dorn]]). It is stressed constantly in the vanilla Space Marine codex and even mentioned a bit in the Blood Angels codex. The entirety of the [[Imperium]] awaits the day the [[Emperor]] awakens so that he may proclaim Calgar the rightful heir to the Imperial throne. As a surely irrelevant side note, Matt Ward plays Ultramarines (then [[Trazyn|later]] [[Necrons]]).

==Just who is he?==
Calgar is one of the big three, the others being [[Dante]] and [[Logan Grimnar|Logan]], the three Chapter Masters the whole Imperium knows. While Dante is worshiped as a larger than life legend and Logan is beloved for being a bro to the common man, Calgar is respected for his leadership, both in battle and ruling [[Ultramar]].

His characteristic weapons are the Gauntlets of Ultramar, which were ''reclaimed'' by the [[Primarch]] [[Roboute Guilliman]] from a [[Chaos]] Champion (Where'd he lose them in the first place?). These gauntlets allow Calgar to bash gaping holes in enemy lines, allowing his men to achieve victory for the Imperium in a joyous slaughter of the heretic forces across the galaxy. They do, however, make it extremely difficult to use restroom facilities, turn door handles, or hold small objects. They also have attached Storm Bolters on each arm. Like a baws.

Following a skirmish against the [[Tyranid]] [[Hive Fleet]] Perseus in 976.M41, Calgar lost all four limbs as well as large areas of body tissue and his left eye. Fitted with bionic replacements, he is more machine now than man <s>twisted and evil</s>. So his giant, power fist, gun hands are pretty much his actual hands. Several guys have argued that he currently bears a prosthetic robotic penis. For unexplained reasons, his augmetics are inferior to [[Colonel_"Iron_Hand"_Straken|Col. Straken's]]

An unofficial nickname for Marneus is "Papa Smurf", due to other players referring to the Ultramarines as Smurfs and Calgar being their leader. The nickname has its origin in the actual miniatures' diminutive size and the fact that they are blue. One could also point out, of course, that the average cartoon smurf is either a [[Eldrad|total dick]] or pants-on-head-retarded, and requires Papa Smurf's constant leadership and guidance just to function on an everyday basis. This allows us to extend the metaphor in a hilarious way. Further extending the metaphor is that he once got his shit kicked in by the [[Swarmlord]], who has since been nicknamed Gargamel, while Roboute Gulliman (see below), who was the original Ultramarines leader, came back after a long time and, seeking to restore them to greatness, now gets the moniker of Grandpa Smurf.

As of 6th edition he is also a [[Love Can Bloom|xenos-loving]] bastard, having allowed the [[Tau]] to evacuate a planet that was facing [[Exterminatus]] due to a Tyranid infestation. To be fair, though, the Tau are one of two races (the other being [[Eldar]]) who work with the Imperials at points, so this could be just a bargaining chip to be used later. He also [[What|wielded a Necron Pylon]] (which are several stories tall) while the Ultramarines were retaking Damnos (before you ask, [[Phil Kelly]] wrote this, surprisingly).

As of the recent Marvel Comics, it turns out that Marneus Calgar's past is a lot more murkey than it first appears. First of all, he isn't actually the real Marneus Calgar. Before he became a Space Marine, he was actually a helot servant of the Calgar dynasty called Tacitan. After Calgar took him and his two friends along for pre-aspirant training. The real Marneus Calgar was killed by their trainer, a disgruntled failed aspirant that became a Khornate servant of Chaos and corrupted Calgar’s two noble friends With Calgar dead, Tacitan took his place and his name as he was the only who looked out for him.

==As of the Age of the Dark Imperium==
[[Image:Newcalgar.jpg|right|thumb|My exhausts are eagles, your argument is invalid.]]
His response to his Primarch getting back up and running things again has not been explored a great deal, although his first act was to transfer command to his Primarch in perpetuity, without any dispute or deliberation. So the guy who [[Games Workshop|GW]] has been plugging for decades as the guy that ''everyone else'' looks up to has now taken a back seat for someone better.

It was rather awkward when Guilliman reclaimed his personal quarters. Calgar had assumed everything within to be a "great relic" from the time of the great crusade, and would often take time to bask in their radiance. However, to Guilliman, these items were just mere tools (tools that, to his perspective, he had used mere days ago) and were of no more importance than the casing on a bolter shell. To Calgar it seemed like sacrilege that Guilliman would use what he thought were ancient relics haphazardly, while Guilliman couldn't understand why Calgar would venerate what is essentially his old trash.

Guilliman does note how competent Calgar is and decides to keep him around as an advisor. When the Terran Crusade begins he leaves Calgar in command of [[Ultramar]] in his original position of Chapter Master while he's gone (which due to Guilliman's early declarations of sovereignty is now close to its original ''500'' worlds, rather than just eight). So assuming Guilliman stays on [[Terra]] to assume control of the Imperium, Calgar has command over one of the largest territories and collective armed forces in the galaxy.

''Dark Imperium'' has suggested that he hasn't been taking it that well since the [[Indomitus Crusade]], even though he's been named head of the Ultramar Tetrarchs; he seems to be one of the first in the Chapter to realize Guilliman's not the infallible savior figure the Chapter has romanticized him as, and he took Guilliman's reorganization of Ultramar's government as a veiled criticism of his own governing skills. Further complicating things is Guilliman's currently unexplained choice to begin tutoring [[Cato Sicarius]] personally. This led Papa Smurf to assume he might be replaced in the future (it's actually because Cato reminds Bobby of another unruly Ultramarine from the Great Crusade era, Aeonid Thiel; and has nothing to do with Calgar's performance). It's only fairly recently that he's accepted that it was arrogant of him to think his actions had anything to do with his Primarch's recent choices, and while he's not taking it out on the people of the Imperium (which he had blamed at first) he's still feeling rather guilty about letting his old accomplishments give him a swollen ego. Intriguingly, this bears quite a few parallels to the case of [[Luther]] and [[Lion El'Jonson]] as well as Horus feeling distrusted by the Emperor when he returned to Terra. With the key difference being Calgar's continued loyalty even in the face of his personal doubts. [[Grimdark|For now]].

He also has undergone the procedure that turns regular marines into [[Primaris Marines]], an agonizingly painful ordeal that left him briefly dead before his new Belisarian Furnace kicked in to bring him back. So we now have PriMarneus Calgar as an excuse to give him a new overdetailed $20 model (it actually doesn't look much more detailed than the old one). It's probably only a matter of time before the other named Chapter Masters are subjected/treated to the same; hopefully their models are as badass as Calgar's. When the process has a much reduced failure rate all Space Marines should do this. It isn't like a little thing such as agony would be enough to deter them in the slightest and being briefly dead is more like an intriguing experience than something to fear. Hell, at least one Chapter outright has dying and willing yourself back to life as both a final test and a promotion requirement. Can you imagine a million Primaris Marines with no questionable loyalties and millennia of accrued experience? Fuck YES!

The major downsides are that they can't use [[Deathwing|Terminator Armor]], [[Blood Angels| their tanks]], <strike>[[Ravenwing|or]] [[White Scars|Bikes]]</strike> We've got Outriders, y'all! Not good for chapters that have them as a major part of their operational doctrines. It'll be another decade until Games Workshops give Primaris Marines their own equivalents. Plus, we have no evidence of a how squad of Primaris would fare on a Space Hulk mission, where non Terminator Marines are cooked alive in their own armor by radiation - and, worse, everyone on the venture needs to be able to fit through doorways, something Primaris marines are notoriously bad at. Though that can be alleviated by slicing through bulkheads. Because cutting through every door you come across is a solution. Yes.

Anyways, during the [[War of Beasts]] Marneus Calgar was in charge of the Imperial forces on [[Vigilus]]. While he was able to just barely hold onto the planet when the Black Legion began its invasion, countless hive spires had to be destroyed to stop Chaos from taking them and Calgar himself was nearly killed in a duel with [[Abaddon]] (although the Despoiler was forced to withdraw before finishing him off due to a Hail Mary gambit involving hitting the ''Vengeful Spirit'' with vortex missiles with the help of the Eldar). He lost some fingers and Abaddon managed to cut open his chest and damage both of his hearts.

Things didn't look up, though, as Abaddon then sent a bunch of [[Possessed]] to finish the job. Calgar briefly woke up to backhand a Greater Possessed and then shoot it, before collapsing again. The Apothecaries managed to stabilize him enough so that he didn't die from his wounds. So far, the damage is a bit grim, but he's still up and commanding the Ultramarines, even if he's not on the front lines.

==On the Tabletop==

{| class=wikitable
|-
! || Pts || M || WS || BS || S || T || W || A || Ld || Sv || Special
|-
| '''Marneus Calgar (Artificer Armour):''' || 235 || 6 || 2+ || 2+ || 4 || 4 || 6 || 5 || 9 || 2+/4++ ||
|-
| '''Marneus Calgar (Armour of Antilochus):''' || 200 || 5 || 2+ || 2+ || 4 || 4 || 7 || 5 || 9 || 2+/4++ || Suffer Half Damage, Deep Strike
|-
| '''Marneus Calgar (Armour of Heraclus):''' || 200 || 6 || 2+ || 2+ || 4 || 5 || 8 || 6 || 9 || 2+/4++ || Suffer Half Damage
|}

It won't matter for most purposes, but remember that his Ld will go up to 10 when he gets his Chapter Tactics (there are attacks, such as some psychic powers, that will target his Ld, so it ''can'' come up). You have to notice that Calgar has three profiles, because he has three minis. Only one "Marneus Calgar" is allowed per army, though, so do not start imagining heretic cloning technology here.

Only 2 of these versions are realistically usable, however, since the one in Artificer Armour has not seen its point costs revised, and the other two versions give him the nifty ability to halve incoming damage from each attack rounding up.

In Terminator armor, he gets the ability to deep strike, and while he still suffers from the usual 5" Terminator models have, this may be the incentive to take this version - plus, he'll fit in waaaaay more transports. He also has an irrelevant Relic Blade, which you will never use, since it's always worse than or equal to his power fists that have no accuracy penalty. The only exception is incredibly exotic corner cases - right now the game only has one, when [[Phoenix_Lord#Jain_Zar|Jain Zar's]] Disarming Strike rolls high enough to shut down his fists.

His new Primaris Form, referred to as the Armour of Heraclus, is absurdly beefed up. With a new 8th wound, one more point of toughness, and a 6th attack, he can withstand even more punishment and deal a fair amount too, not that the Terminator version was shabby. Because the point costs are the same, the difference amounts to whether you prefer mobility or durability.

Apart from that, Calgar comes with the usual Chapter Master's ability: you can reroll all failed to hit rolls in a 6" bubble, which is a pretty nice ability to have.

Taking him in a Battle-Forged army, you automatically gain 2 Command Points, allowing two more re-rolls, one extra disruption of the combat phase, or anything else you'll fancy. As a Named Ultramarine Warlord, he has the Commander warlord trait, allowing him to recycle CP on a 5+; the two factors combined make sure you don't fall short on stratagems.

Gear-wise, he comes with the fabled Gauntlets of Ultramar, legendary relics taken by Guilliman off the corpse of a dead [[Chaos Space Marine]]. And Guilliman didn't ask for them back when he woke up, he's such a nice guy. They now count as a single weapon, and of course do not grant an additional attack since this rule disappeared in 8th (but now he has 5 base attacks, so...). Basically, they are [[Power_weapon#Power_Fist|power fist]]s, hitting at S8, AP-3 and D1d3 damage. While a fixed damage would have been nice, they still bring the pain, and few characters in the game will be able to survive a turn of combat with Calgar, especially with a 2+ re-rollable to hit, almost guaranteeing all 5/6 attacks will always connect (their relic ability is lacking an accuracy penalty).

They can also shoot with what is basically a master-crafted [[Storm Bolter]], gaining AP-1 and D2. Four shots in [[Deep Strike]] range and up to 12 inches, so nice to soften a target or thin down a horde a little bit.

For the two non-Primaris versions, he replaced his old [[Power_weapon#Power_Sword|power sword]] with a [[Power_weapon#Relic_Blade|relic blade]] for more pimp. While this might seem useless at first, since his fists have zero drawback, powers such as [[Phoenix_Lord#Jain_Zar|Jain Zar's]] Disarming Strike now rob him entirely of the Gauntlets' power, as they are no longer "a pair". So he can still wack her face with 5 re-rollable S6 AP-3 D1d3 attacks, which is almost as good. The Primaris version ditched it entirely.

In a nutshell, Calgar is like a budget Guilliman, solid in close combat, able to take pot shots with reasonable efficiency, and adds to your army. He is also the most expensive Chapter Master of all (baring those with special mounts), but he has a few more aces up his sleeve. Also, he only costs 50% of what Guilliman costs and doesn't eat up a Lord of War slot so he is a really good alternative to the latter.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Marneus calgar by gods and kings-d7d6mj1.png|It's just a flesh wound. He still deals with it better than a certain [[Abaddon|armless failure]].
Image:IMG 0492.jpg|And here is that old image in model form.
Image:OldCalgar.png|Calgar back in ye olden days. Note the [[Beakie]] helm and PET DESK DINOSAURS! AAAAGGGGHHHH!
Image:Wd97Calgar.jpg|Old Calgar started in the [[Techmarine|Armoury]], then got made to the [[Chapter Serf|Master of the Household]] before taking the top spot and [[Lazy Marines|he hasn't done any more fighting since.]] Well well...
Image:Marneuscomic.jpg|Motherfucker got his own comic.
</gallery>

{{Marines-Characters}}

[[Category:Space Marines Chapter Masters]]

Armor

2020-11-11T19:24:31Z

2607:FB90:6ED9:4EC7:89E4:7EE5:D2FA:2013: /* Types of Body Armor */

'''''Armor''''' (also spelled Armour) is a protective layer of material used to protect something from damage. Some types of armor includes armor for buildings, armor for vehicles and armor for personnel (generally referred to as body armor). Putting armor on people or putting them in [[Rhino|metal boxes]] to keep them safe is important because we can be [[Rip and Tear|killed]] by sharp rocks or branches or basically anything else at all except grass and leaves. In fact not [[Wikipedia:Bamboo#Weapons|even]] [[Wikipedia:Toxicodendron_radicans|those]]. This is because because our skin is not armor and it [[FAIL|sucks]]. This article will focus mostly on body armor.

[[File:ERA man.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Here you see a highly advanced tactical soldier well equipped for battle with the latest in ERA technology]]

== Types of Body Armor ==
Numerous forms of body armor have been developed over the millennia by civilizations with various levels of technology and resources on hand.

*'''Leather armor''' - not just any leather would do; soft leather offers no protection against blades. You need specially treated leather to be effective. Another name for this is "cuir bouilli" or "cuirbouille". The exact method of creating is unclear, as simply boiling leather in water (as the French name implies) will result in leather that’s hard but highly brittle (like diamond) to the point it can be snapped with one's bare hands. The best guesses are that animal glue and/or oil were involved The high biodegradability (and, to many vermin, tastiness) of leather, especially with period natural treatment, has created a near total lack of historical examples surviving. Whatever it is, what is for certain is that this was the result was not flexible like a modern leather jacket, but would have a fairly solid shape (one possible method of creating it resulted in leather sturdy enough it could actually be used to ''chop wood''). The general consensus is that it had less presence in Europe (though there are surviving inventory accounts that confirm it existed), and while in the East (both middle and far) it did exist, it wasn't that much popular and widespread either. These circumstances became more prevalent as metalworking became more accessible. On the Central Asian steppes or in areas with large amounts of livestock, the leather was more widespread as lamellar or scale armor. This was likely a matter of resource availability as the nomadic tribes had little access to metal outside of trading and would prioritize using it for tools, swords, speartips, and arrowheads instead. Regarding the tribes in the Americas as well as the Polynesian and Austronesian islands, where metalworking was noticeably diminished or not present, leather armor was relatively common while bone, shell, and coins were used as external reinforcing elements. On the other hand, all these regions gradually phased out leather once they gained reliable supplies of crafted metal or firearms via trading or learning metal smithing. While phased out as as a primary form of protection, Buff coats were still made of leather and retained to act as cushioning underneath metal breastplates. It also served as slashing protection for exposed joints or in cases where wearing metal armor was inconvenient.
** Real-life note: while sometimes seen on TV and in video games, there is no such thing as studded leather armor as mentioned below in Brigandine's section. Think about it. How does adding a metal studs cause a significant increase to the armor's effectiveness? You will see this mistake in many RPGs. This idea probably came from people misunderstanding some of the other kinds of armor that use cloth as a binding agent on the outside.
*'''Padded cloth armor''' - Cloth bundled in sufficient thickness was one of the first forms of armor, since bronze armors tended to be too expensive or too heavy to be widely used. Cloth continued to be used mostly as padding underneath metal armor, to help absorb blows and all through the middle ages continued to be the go to protection for men-at-arms in lieu of expensive metal plate or mail. Despite what you might think it (obviously) provided one of the best protection against percussive strikes, second only to full plate (which have padded cloth integrated into it), surprisingly high level of protection against slashes and swings, unless the blade is razor sharp (most historical blades weren't that sharp) and while it barely ever provides full protection against piercing weapon heavier than a shortbow arrow, it does lower the depth of penetration, often turning instantly lethal wounds from glancing stabs or slashes to survivable if debilitating, or even surface damage, with an added bonus of often catching enemy weapon (although given in most times where blades get stuck in padded cloth after stabbing through, they pierce deep enough to kill so it's more to the benefit of your companions than yours). Sometimes confused with Brigandine armor (which externally appeared to be made of cloth with metal studs but also contained overlapping metal pieces). Besides the Gambeson, some other historical examples include:
** The distinctive ancient Greek armor called "Linothorax" (literally meaning linen torso): believed to be made out of quilted linen with glue laminate and is presumed to fall under this category, though historians can't be entirely sure as no full examples survived the centuries. Ligher versions known as "Spola" were worn by the Greeks and Macadonians.
** A gambeson is unlike most “soft” armor in that we actually have a fairly good understanding of its construction due to some 15th century writing detailing how to make it (deer skin with a ~30 layers of linen).
*** Aketon is roughly equivilent to a gamebeson, being made of raw cotton (which is not the soft, smooth, fluffy stuff the clothes you're wearing are made out of) rather than linen. Generally assumedd to be a corruption of the arabic word for cotton.
** A hard, quilted, and 2 inch-thick form of cotton armor was used by the Mesoamericans such as the Aztecs, Toltecs, and the Tlaxcalans. Called ”Ichcahuipilli” in the Nahuatl, it was often hardened with resin-like substances like brine salt. In combat, it was effective against obsidian-edged Macuahuitl/Macana sword-clubs and arrows. They were also effective enough that Spanish Conquistadors sometimes adopted them for use in the summer to avoid being baked alive in their steel cuirasses. Other related armor include decorated sets called "Tlahuiztli." Similar thickly padded cotton tunics were worn by Incan nobles and Muisca warriors in South America (with the former using small wooden planks to reinforce the back).
** An early bulletproof form of cotton armor worn by the 19th century Joseon Koreans called “Myeonje baegab.” It was invented when they confronting Western armies at the same time the Western powers began probing expeditions into Qing China and Tokugawa Japan (pre-Meiji Reformation). While effective against low velocity bullets from black powder firearms, it was prone to being burned from incendiary hazards like explosions or red-hot shrapnel.
** Various early forms of pistol-proof armor were documented that were made from layers of silk but were usually expensive and restricted to wealthy politicians or nobles (for example, [[The World Wars|Franz Ferdinand]] ironically was believed to have owned one but wasn't wearing it on his fateful final day, though as he was shot in the neck it wouldn't have made a difference).
*'''Paper armor''' - this one sounds crazy, but apparently it was actually a thing in ancient China. The Mythbusters tested it out and it might have been actually effective... at least, so long as it does not get wet, a bit of of an issue considering human beings tend to sweat when under the stress of matters of life-and-death. Indeed citizen, this is testable by you! Obtain a notebook and ensure it is tightly closed. Then, stab it with a knife as hard as possible.
*'''Scale armor''' - An early form of armour, sporting overlapping metal (cuirbouille and lacquered leather were also used) plates arranged in a similar fashion to roofing tiles, which were riveted/sewn onto a backing cloth or leather and oftentimes loosely laced together in rows. One of the earliest examples of armour, used predominantly in Eastern cultures most distinctly used to deck out their early heavy cavalrymen and horses both in this. These "Cataphracts" were said to be able [[Awesome|to get showered in arrows without getting hit]]. Used by Rome as the lorica squamata, apparently simultaneously with mail. The art of ''Grandes Chroniques de France'' shows (at least) helmets with such an appearance existed in Europe as lower class armor in or before 1270. Made a small, unsuccessful comeback in Dragon Skin
*'''Bamboo armor''' - basically wooden armor, but with the advantage in that you can shape bamboo more easily. Bamboo is also notable in the sense that it has a high strength weight ratio. It also is rather weather resistant.
*'''Mirror armor''' - an early form of plate, this was a small round bronze plate attached to the torso. Besides physical protection, it was also believed to ward off the supernatural. The plate itself was frequently a supplement over a suit of mail, but plenty of poor warriors throughout ancient history made due with hoping that no one would hit them around the single non-encompassing plate they strapped to their chest (beats having no armor..).
*'''[[Mail]]''' - the iconic armor made of interlocking rings. One of the most common and effective type of armor from the ancient world to the middle ages. Flexible and easy (though time-consuming) to make, it was widely used by many cultures. It was also significantly easier to repair, as a break could easily be mended by replacing a few rings, whereas a hole in plate armor might require a complete replacement. While fairly effective against foot soldiers, the crossbow and the lance charge required knights to wear extra armor over mail for additional protection. In the modern era, they are used for non-combative roles, such as shark suits, butcher's gloves, animal control, and dealing with high-power electrical wiring (because electrons "slide" along the mesh rather than penetrate", admittedly the mesh must be very tightly made). Some nations still use mail armor to supplement riot gear. Note that it MUST be backed with leather or something stiff, otherwise knives will drive it into the body. Just for the love of god: don't get shot. The British tested this in WW1 and the bullets ends up dragging the links into the body with it. They did wind up using it to protect crew inside a tank from spalling that was reliably created from even non-penetrating hits against its armor (early tank armor just wasn't very thick, and the issue lessened by the time of World War II's technological advances in tanks).
*'''Plated Mail''' - Also known as Mail and Plate armor or splinted mail, this is not what some sourcebooks refer to as platemail, which is basically just plate armor worn over a mail hauberk. Plated mail integrates metal plates into the rest of the mail pattern, ranging from large rectangular plates on areas like the chest, to small plates arranged like fish scales on areas that require more dexterity, such as near the shoulders and back. A form of transitional armor in Europe alongside brigandine as knights gradually shifted from full mail to plate armor, it was popular with medieval Slavs, Eastern Europeans, Persians, Indians, and other Asian kingdoms.
*'''Laminar armor''' - armor made from bands of metal. A predecessor to full-body plate armor, most famous example is the ancient Roman [[wikipedia:Lorica_segmentata|Lorica Segmentata]], though it was less prevalent among the Romans than is usually portrayed and mail remained in use among the Romans' frontline infantry, even in the Segmentata's heyday. Other examples existed such as the Dendra armour from Mycenaean Greece or during the Renaissance such as the armor by the Polish Hussars but those were held together by sliding rivets rather than leather strips and leather laces.
*'''Lamellar armor''' - <s>Essentially scale armor sewn together</s> Not exactly. armor made from overlapping pieces of leather or metal, each piece being laced side-by-side to create semi-rigid rows, which then are laced together to form a complete suit of armour. This form differs from other "overlapping plates" types of armour in that it is self-contained and does not rely on backing material to keep the all the pieces together (unlike Scale or Beigandine). Again it is one of the oldest types of armour and was still in use as recently as 1930s.
*'''[[Samurai]] armor''' - depending on the period, it could be lamellar, laminar, or even western plate (but not wood. That has no basis in history). The helmet (kabuto) had a distinct shape that often featured ornaments and even a removable facemask (Darth Vader's helmet is said to be a hybrid of a kabuto and a German stahlhelm).
**'''Ashigaru armor''' - Worn by conscripts, it featured the same kinds of breastplates, a lesser helmet (which was sometimes made of wood) and some minor stuff but was overall less complete than samurai armor.
*'''Brigandine''' - a.k.a "Corazzina,” “Coat-of-plates,” and “Jack of Plate” armor. Brigandine is a "poor man's plate" and was quite popular in medieval Europe as part of "transitional" armor alongside plated mail (when knights began transitioning from full mail to plate armor), when worn in combination with mail and metal splints covering the limbs. While it may not provide as sturdy protection compared to full plate, it was very easy to make and repair. Also, while not as flexible as mail, it had more rigid protection against blunt force trauma. In essence, it was a compromise between the two while also being cheaper. Even after nobles and knights began using full plate armor, it was still kept as a form of armor for all rank-and-file men-at-arms; even seeing use in the New World by colonists against the natives’ arrows. It was also widespread across all of Eurasia with evidence of its existence seen as far out as as Turkey, India, Russia, China, and even Japan. Often confused with "studded leather armour" or the padded cloth gambeson. In modern day warfare, ballistic vests with trauma plate inserts made from metal or ceramic on the front, back, and sides of the body are spiritual successors to this form of armor. <s>Construction-wise, it’s essentially an inverted suit of scale armor with the backing cloth on the outside</s> Not quite. Underneath the cloth and over the padding, a "brig" is built from overlapping plates of various sizes and shapes, riveted onto a leather or cloth "jacket", but it differs from other "overlapping plates" armours in that:
** A) the plates are *usually* bigger and shaped according to where they go on the armour (scale and lamellar mostly use same-sized, same-shape plates),
** B) they are riveted (or sewn in the Jack-of-Plate’s case) inside the leather/cloth and not on the outside and
** C) the plates are '''not''' linked together in any fashion and fully rely on their fastening to the backing to keep them where they're supposed to be.
*'''[[Plate armor]]''' - armor made from single, solid pieces of metal. Bronze plate armor had been used in ancient times, but was limited to helmets and sometimes breastplates due to the weight of the armor. Full suits of plate armor were not possible until improvements in smithing allowed for large bars of steel to be hammered out into single pieces. A popular misconception about full plate is that it's very hard to move in, to a point it's exclusive to cavalry. While this is true for a '''tourney plate''' specifically designed for maximum protection in jousting tournaments, an actual battle plate was designed with maximum mobility in mind, and it was not uncommon for a knight (or later an officer) to do a somersault or dance with his lady while testing his new plate armor. Technically speaking, modern body armor for many nations use are in sense partially plate armor, with a carrier holding a solid plate.
*'''Jack Chains''' - if you were too poor to afford proper plate armor, you could at least add some metal reinforcements to your gambeson called Jack Chains. These were essentially gauntlets, elbow plates, and shoulder guards linked together by chains and attached to the arms so that one could, at bare minimum, block slashes to their sides without getting cut, or use it as a improv shield against incoming sword attacks.
*'''Makeshift Armor''' - Not really a set of armor in the traditional sense, generally makeshift armor is what ever one could scrounge up to make a protective wear. In the modern day, this is a protestor (think 2014 Ukraine Revolution) go to for long term engagement. Generally, motorcycle and safety helmets alongside heavy thick jackets, protective sports gear, or motorcycle gear would be the go to, as well as whatever one can strap to themselves. Don't be wearing something that might shatter easily though if you expect to be shot at, because that might manage to injure you even worse with the flying bits.
*'''Flak Jackets''' - The first standard-issue modern body armor to be developed, Flak Jackets were developed in WWII out of high-strength nylon to protect aircrews from fragments fired from flak cannons in conjuncture with manganese steel plates. While good against shrapnel and pistol rounds, it was still ineffective against rifle bullets. Before the invention of Kevlar and ballistic vests, this was the only kind of body armor available to modern soldiers expected to walk.
*'''Early 20th century armor''' - in WW1 and 2 many nations began experimenting with various forms of body armor to deal with shrapnel. This included steel breastplates, lamellar and steel plates in canvas carriers. This was more experimental than anything else. The biggest users of body armor in WW2 were the soviets who issued "steel bibs" to their soldiers. These could stop shrapnel fire and pistol bullets but were on the heavy side and were restricted to urban warfare or motorized infantry.
*'''Ceramic armor''' - Originally descended from the ceramic plate “Chicken plate” armor worn by helicopter gunship crews, it is typically, high-strength ceramic plates (typically made from boron carbide) are used as an energy-absorbing component in some ballistic vests (otherwise the wearer would suffer blunt trauma and internal bleeding from a bullet impacting the vest). A common myth is that Ceramic trauma plates shatter after only a 1-2 hits. This is false, especially with the advance of armor. These are some of the best plates for infantry.
*'''Ballistic vests''' - "bulletproof" armor vests able to stop bullets of varying sizes and speeds. For "soft" armor, the use of high-strength fibers that "catch" the projectile, thereby slowing them down enough to prevent them from penetrating, are used, typically for security guards, low-intensity combat areas jobs, and cops. For "hard" armor, ceramic/metal/ultra-high-strength plastic/combination-of-the-previous may be used in the form of solid plates. Body armor may come in as either a standalone vest (i.e. "soft" kevlar vest) or a carrier (which can further more simply be a holder for a solid plate or a combination of "soft" and "hard" armor). Options of groin, neck, and shoulder protection may be included with the vests.
**'''Ballistic Visor''' - A visor of transparent, bulletproof, plastic. Despite its weight, bulk and making it impossible to use a standard rifle properly, it's only really suitable against low powered handgun rounds and thus it sees little use outside of European SWAT counterparts.
*'''Blast suits''' - full-body armors capable of absorbing the heat and shrapnel of a bomb blast. The only part that isn't protected are the hands, since wearing thick gloves is detrimental to manual dexterity. So if a bomb goes off, you may be maimed and lose parts of your hands - but at least you're not dead or torn to ribbons by shrapnel! May also include a closed air supply in the case of biological or chemical bombs. Commonly worn by EOD technicians.
*'''[[Power Armor]]''' - As of current, we already have prototype exoskeletons, but they're one of the many inventions that isn't in common use purely because of current limits on battery power (all current examples are plugged into a power source). There isn't as much a need for such strength in direct combat like in fiction, as it's designed more for load-bearing in mind, allowing for bigger, heavier guns and/or more ammo. However, that could include allowing the user to wear heavier armor as well. Generally speaking, the servos and external components are rather exposed. Think STALKER's exoskeleton for modern military exoskeleton prototypes.

== Modern Body Armor ==
With modern technology and all it's amenities, a large choices of body armor exists on the market (the NIJ level approved list for body armor products consumes 212 pages on a PDF file, and that's just stuff the manufacturer has paid the considerable expense to have tested by the NIJ instead of in-house). That said it is good to know what levels of protection for both ballistic and melee threats are.

[[image:NIJ Ballistic Protection Rating.JPG|thumb|250px|right|NIJ Ballistic Standard]]
[[image:UL 752 Bullet Resistance Chart.PNG|thumb|250px|right|UL 752 Ballistic Standard]]

*'''Ballistic threats''' Aka bullets most of the time. Soft body armor (aka Kevlar, UHMW Polyethylene, Dyneema, etc) that is rather flexible, but also vulnerable to high velocity threats. Thus most body armor of that class is relegated between II to IIIA. From there on out, it's hard body armor, which usually consists of some sort of metallic (usually steel, but titanium and high-strength aluminum are options too), ceramics, and composites. NIJ Standard III to IV stop those threats. Technically, though only rated up to 30-06 AP rounds (IV), some plates of body armor offer higher than IV. Some have even shown to stop a .50 BMG round, though the likelihood of one surviving such a shot from the sheer force of it hitting them even without going into them is still in question. Standard helmets only go up to level III
** Since some common threats are ''just'' above certain ratings, like 55 grain 5.56 from a 20 inch barrel penetrating level III or 5.7 pistols beating most soft armor, the NIJ system is currently undergoing an overhaul. While most western countries use NIJ rating standards, at least as a secondary, Russia has its own, completely unconnected, system for rating armor.

*'''Stab threats''' Protects against low energy stabbing objects (aka knives and maybe some small swords). Stab and piercing vest should not be trusted for higher level threats such a two handed weapons such as an pickaxe, sledgehammer, axe, spear, and even affixed bayonets. Even a knife in the hands of someone who can put an unusually high amount of force into stabbing can defeat a stab vest. However it is still great for stuff people would likely to conceal where rapid quick jabbing is likely to occur. Of course there is probably protective gear such as riot gear that could be more withstanding of heavier two handed threats, but it's likely best to not take a pickaxe to the chest in the first place.

Overlap between the two categories is minimal. Metal ballistic plates will stop knifes, though said plate covers minimal body area and is typically heavy. Soft armor is one or the other, though one could be worn over the other at the cost of bulk.

[[image:NIJ Stab level.PNG|thumb|200px|right|NIJ Stab standard]]

== Materials ==
The standard hard armor trifecta of UHMWPE, Steel, and Ceramic usually places Ceramic at the top. As ceramic is not vulnerable to steel-core or fast-moving threats, it does not fold to M855 and M193 at the NIJ III level like PE and Steel do, respectively.

== Yurop and Russia ==
Outside of the US, there are standards like VPAM and GOST, HOSDB and SK. Of these, the HOSDB is the only one not designed for military and civil use, while the rest are comprehensives intended for both military and civil protection.

==Anatomy of armor==
[[File:HenryVIIIArmor.jpg|right|thumb|300px|You thought we were joking about the dick armor?]]
Basic terminology of the different parts of armor. Unless you were very wealthy, such as a knight, not everyone had every part of their body covered in armor.

*[[Helmet]] - protects the head, one of the most common pieces of armor.
*Gambeson - padded cloth armor suit worn underneath metal armor to absorb blunt force and protect the wearer from the armor itself (metal and boiled leather aren't nice to unprotected humans skin, especially under extreme temperatures). Later variants often reinforced with sown-in mail in places actual metal armor above it have gaps and joints.
*Cuirass - protects the torso. If its made from a single piece of metal, it is a breastplate. Most breastplate are associated with full-body steel plate armor, but ancient Greeks had a bronze version called the "heroic Cuirass", or the Roman "Lorica Musculata", often molded with fake muscles and various decorations.
:*Plackart - lower torso reinforcement that would overlap with a breastplate for extra protection, and connected to the faulds. The reason for this reinforcement is to act as a cushion for blows to the chest, as there is enough space between the plackart and curiass that it acts as additional padding to prevent soft tissue damage underneath.
:*Faulds - a metal skirt attached to the breastplate, allowing some leg protection while offering mobility. Alternately, if the Faulds are in two pieces (one for each leg), they're known as Tassets. If a separate piece protects the ass, it's called a culet.
:*Lance Rest - the lone offensive feature of armor (aside from the rare spikes), enables holding using a lance with less energy wasted on sliding around. Makes the energy transfer so efficent that lances can actually break when used.
*Gorget - protects the neck. With certain helmets, such as the Sallet, the gorget protected the lower head where the helmet did not.
**Bevor - a related piece of neck armor. Unlike the Gorget, these did not surround the entire neck but covered the front of the neck at the throat and chin. If segmented by folding laminate plates, it was called a Falling Buffe.
*[[Pauldrons]] - protects the shoulders. The real life versions are nowhere near as big as those on space marines.
**Spaulder - Armor used to protect the upper arm between the vambrace and the pauldron. Later replaced by the simpler Rebrace (also called an Upper Cannon).
*Gauntlets - protects the hands.
*Bracers (also call vambraces or braces) - protects the forearms and wrists.
**Manica - Armor that covers an arm, used primarily by the Romans. Typically used to protect the sword arm when it leaves the safety of a shield, but gladiators are known to have worn just it and the attached pauldron.
**Couter (also called Cowter or Elbow Cop) - essentially a metal elbow guard.
*Greaves - similar to modern shin guards, they protects the legs.
**Poleyn (alternatively called Genouillere) - basically a metal knee guard.
*Sabatons - protects the feet (you don't want some smartass spearman stabbing at your unarmored feet now, would you?)
*Codpiece - Yes, believe it or not, you could get dick armor too. Ordinarily this was just to armor the [[Slaanesh|groin area]] like an athletic cup, but some people like King Henry VIII made [[Kaldor Draigo|massive codpieces]] to show off how well-endowed they were.
*Tabard - Technically not armor, but was the decorative sleeveless coat that would drape over the armor of knights. Besides being used as an identifier through the knight's [[Imperial Knight|heraldry]], it also shielded armor from the desert sun so that the knight wouldn't boil in their own armor.
**Sashimono - Japanese equivalent. Essentially a way for armor to hold a small flag. Associated more with ashigaru armor than samurai, but samurai did wear them as well.

== Warhammer 40k ==
*[[Flak Armor]]: This is actually a ballistic vest, not Flak armor. Think an ESAPI (or the new XSAPI)plate modeled off of a cuirass. It can withstand stubber fire all across, up to rifle caliber, so consider most modern rifle ammo utterly pointless. The problem is, it starts getting shaky at the 12.7mm level, which... Unfortunately for the Imperial Guard, a ''lot'' of stuff can be considered "higher" than said level.
*[[Carapace Armor]]: Better flak armor (the 40K kind which is a ballistic vest) but with much more coverage and better quality materials. Generally [[Neckbeard|heavier and cumbersome]], but only issued really to those more capable of making the most use out of it.
*[[Power Armour|Powered armor]]: Space marine general issue, as well as several powerful Imperial organizations. Comes with both long term and short term necessities, with high-grade ceramite and admantium for protection, stabilizing and targeting gear to assist, and general life support if the being inside doesn't already have some. Very fancy. Honestly, it has its own article for a reason and this list section would do it no justice.

== Armor in Fiction ==

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Musclecuirass.JPG| Greek bronze Muscle Cuirass
Image:Linothorax.jpg| Greek Linothorax, a bronze-reinforced linen armor
Image:Roman Soldier mail.jpg|Roman Mail
Image:LoricaSegmentata.jpg|Roman Lorica Segmentata, a type of Laminar
Image:MirrorArmor.JPG|Mirror armor over a mail shirt
Image:ScaleArmor.JPG|Indian Scale armor
Image:Plated mail.jpg|Indian Plated Mail
Image:Bechter.jpg|Close-up of Eastern-European plated-mail pattern
Image:Koryak.jpg|Koryak warriors wearing traditional lamellar armour
Image:Lamellar.JPG|Japanese Lamellar
Image:Samurai armor.jpg|Japanese Laminar
Image:Gambeson.jpg| European Gambeson, a padded cloth armor used by both commoners and knights
Image:Brigandine.jpg|European Brigandine
Image:visby.jpg|Inside view of some DIYfag's homemade "Visby-pattern" brigandine
Image:Plate armor.jpg|European Plate
Image:FlakJacket.png| Flak Jacket
Image:BallisticVest.JPG|Ballistic Vest
Image:Bombsuit.jpg|Bombsuit
Image:IOTV_(OCP_variant).jpg|Improved Outer Tactical Vest
Image:SPS_(Soldier_Protection_System).jpg|Soldier Protection System, set to replace the IOTV in 2019. Designed with both mobility and protection in mind.
</gallery>

== See also ==

* [[Fantasy Armor]] for one of the usual flame wars involved in "armor".
* [[Armor Save]]

[[Category: History]]

[[Category: Weapons]]

[[Category: Medieval Weaponry]]

[[Category: Armour]]

{{MedievalWeaponry}}